Abstract
Sansevieria is an ornamental plant which has variation leaves on colour and
form. It has unstabilizaton characteristic of genetic. This condition especially
happens on species Sansevieria trifasciata. Sansevieria trifasciata which has been
expressed to the colour and form of leaves. On the other hand S. trifasciata has an
effect as medical plant. Its roots and leaves has many benefical of secondary
metabolism such as saponins. Therefore diversity on S. trifasciata causing diversity
on secondary metabolism like saponins. With knowing morphologhy variation in
species S. trifasciata, we will know variation in content of saponin and isozyme
banding pattern. The aim of this research was to look at different anatomycal
structure for organs, the second was the experiment content of saponin as secondary
metabolism, and third was to investigate any variation in their isozyme banding
pattern of S. trifasciata “Green tiger”, “Hahnii medio picta”, “Green arrow”, “Golden
hahnii”, serta “Hahnii cream”.
The approach used were morphology and microscopic observation covering
leaf, stalk, and root organs; isozyme banding pattern used electrophoresis method;
and content of their saponin. Calculation the content of saponin, absorbantion was
measured with Spectrophotometer, and then was conversed in mg/g. The genetic
diversity was knowable from the analyze result of isozyme based on the matric of
genetic distance which applied on the shape of dendogram with Hierarchical Cluster
Analysis metode average linkage (between groups) program SPSS 14.
The results showed that genetic diversity of S. trifasciata “Hahnii cream”,
“Green arrow”, “Hahnii medio picta”, “Golden hahnii”, and “Green tiger” have been
found. Morphology observations, there was a unique character on S. trifasciata
“Hahnii medio picta”,while the microscopic observation on leaves organ, all variety
have the same form, “Green arrow” has different on stalk cells compared with the
others variety. On root cells of “Golden Hahnii” dan “Hahnii cream” they have same
cell. From content of saponin, S. trifasciata “Golden hahnii” had the higest content
among all, they were 1,7783 mg/g and 1,5810 mg/g. The dendogram resulting from
peroxydase data S. trifasciata was clustered in two groups while S. trifasciata
“Hahnii medio picta” has own character in group. Accordingly the esterase data also
showing into two group, where S. trifasciata “Golden hahnii” has own character.
Keywords : Sanseviera trifasciata,morphology, saponin, isozyme.